Crypto-gram for February 15, 2001. In this issue: Hard-Drive-Embedded Copy Protection, An Intentional Backdoor, The Doghouse: NASA and eTrue, A Semantic Attack on URLs, E-mail Filter Idiocy, Air Gaps, and Internet Voting vs. Large-Value e-Commerce.
b0b49966a2d150c0a44f721540654f4d81304aea8b42eaa28021ffddd0f33b1fEntropy Broker is an infrastructure for distributing cryptographically secure random numbers (entropy data) from one or more servers to one or more clients. Entropy Broker allows you to distribute entropy data (random values) to /dev/random devices from other systems (real servers or virtualised systems). It helps preventing that the /dev/random device gets depleted; an empty /dev/random-device can cause programs to hang (waiting for entropy data to become available). This is useful for systems that need to generate encryption keys, run VPN software or run a casino website.
e505291a3ada9f1ba3928113fa70f9f79bfc771b2fe8e20560d612d5c64beb5bEntropy Broker is an infrastructure for distributing cryptographically secure random numbers (entropy data) from one or more servers to one or more clients. Entropy Broker allows you to distribute entropy data (random values) to /dev/random devices from other systems (real servers or virtualised systems). It helps preventing that the /dev/random device gets depleted; an empty /dev/random-device can cause programs to hang (waiting for entropy data to become available). This is useful for systems that need to generate encryption keys, run VPN software or run a casino website.
76ca25d4f7c84938b67595662b7b2a2ccc1f026c5fd38878da67d399c829206cSpark IM client version 2.6.3 suffers from a cryptography failure where the key for encrypting the passwords is stored statically in Encryptor.java. Tool included that will recover usernames and passwords.
9782253ae9795fa6cba9d6a8e3b03d59608adabe717e35b82a175473cd0bfd36Mandriva Linux Security Advisory 2012-117 - PyCrypto before 2.6 does not produce appropriate prime numbers when using an ElGamal scheme to generate a key, which reduces the signature space or public key space and makes it easier for attackers to conduct brute force attacks to obtain the private key. The updated packages have been patched to correct this issue.
a257bef09bc054b9c2ddf00af72cb709c6daf86ed9863e285ba7b71a0ed7c536Entropy Broker is an infrastructure for distributing cryptographically secure random numbers (entropy data) from one or more servers to one or more clients. Entropy Broker allows you to distribute entropy data (random values) to /dev/random devices from other systems (real servers or virtualised systems). It helps preventing that the /dev/random device gets depleted; an empty /dev/random-device can cause programs to hang (waiting for entropy data to become available). This is useful for systems that need to generate encryption keys, run VPN software or run a casino website.
1256b9eabb591bfe6735cfcd5b31fafece6cca0028f6df1894bd805070ba6d45Botan is a C++ library of cryptographic algorithms, including AES, DES, SHA-1, RSA, DSA, Diffie-Hellman, and many others. It also supports X.509 certificates and CRLs, and PKCS #10 certificate requests, and has a high level filter/pipe message processing system. The library is easily portable to most systems and compilers, and includes a substantial tutorial and API reference.
b76fc3118d8fe93230f8544a6507609fe103e65bd131ddd246af1ee88c30a1abMultiObfuscator is a professional cryptography tool that offers double encryption, csprng based scrambling, csprng based whitening, and more. Documentation provided.
f7fb28d42040f25c6a5ec261633f0c897d3b6c465fb6c7f5b13676b342117f5cSecunia Security Advisory - SUSE has issued an update for python-crypto. This fixes a weakness, which can be exploited by malicious people to conduct brute force attacks.
f4130749b8c631dae273b117f941bcbfab35aa62db0ea73f8d609cff0374a530strongSwan is a complete IPsec implementation for the Linux, Android, Maemo, FreeBSD, and Mac OS X operating systems. It interoperates with with most other IPsec-based VPN products via the IKEv2 or IKEv1 key exchange protocols. The focus of the strongSwan project is on strong authentication mechanisms using X.509 public key certificates and optional secure storage of private keys on smartcards through a standardized PKCS#11 interface. A rich choice of modular plugins adds additional features like Trusted Network Connect or advanced cryptographical algorithms.
1a7ed98015df32e7412caf37391105af25a9dc66a0e357a1c92ccd5a9f180298Secunia Security Advisory - Ubuntu has issued an update for python-crypto. This fixes a weakness, which can be exploited by malicious people to conduct brute force attacks.
bc029fce5673bf2054a75e646770f76352b50f52789172738c802ace6abce190Ubuntu Security Notice 1484-1 - It was discovered that PyCrypto produced inappropriate prime numbers when generating ElGamal keys. An attacker could use this flaw to facilitate brute-forcing of ElGamal encryption keys.
04fbced1a91721f7ab5f380ac1b24b6b95bb3cc42c528814abcc82b70cc1f2ddmod_auth_pubtkt is a simple Web single sign-on (SSO) solution for Apache. It validates authentication tickets provided by the client in a cookie using public-key cryptography (DSA or RSA). Thus, only the login server that generates the tickets needs to possess the private key, while Web servers can verify tickets given only the public key. The implementation of the login server is left to the user, but an example and a library in PHP are provided with the distribution.
6243e220a650147a49269970cfc1491e6c727f6e9ef4eb34673909783bc258b2This paper demonstrates how to exploit the encrypted key import functions of a variety of different cryptographic devices to reveal the imported key. The attacks are padding oracle attacks, where error messages resulting from incorrectly padded plaintexts are used as a side channel. This is the paper that made headlines regarding RSA tokens being cracked in 13 minutes.
2f956e99861dabc4d9e263529db1992adcbe71b48930cc4158b998b604dc42b0Red Hat Security Advisory 2012-1037-01 - PostgreSQL is an advanced object-relational database management system. A flaw was found in the way the crypt() password hashing function from the optional PostgreSQL pgcrypto contrib module performed password transformation when used with the DES algorithm. If the password string to be hashed contained the 0x80 byte value, the remainder of the string was ignored when calculating the hash, significantly reducing the password strength. This made brute-force guessing more efficient as the whole password was not required to gain access to protected resources.
43dd84d900e99c3f1b88175c8d6cb0d767071c6eb772b1ec31adf8ed1f003585Red Hat Security Advisory 2012-1036-01 - PostgreSQL is an advanced object-relational database management system. A flaw was found in the way the crypt() password hashing function from the optional PostgreSQL pgcrypto contrib module performed password transformation when used with the DES algorithm. If the password string to be hashed contained the 0x80 byte value, the remainder of the string was ignored when calculating the hash, significantly reducing the password strength. This made brute-force guessing more efficient as the whole password was not required to gain access to protected resources.
91db521987a8f25ecabb7834e60cc56577345d64eb97ff886fb0176153721100Secunia Security Advisory - Gentoo has issued an update for pycrypto. This fixes a weakness, which can be exploited by malicious people to conduct brute force attacks.
dc80a711afd55aafd17392796551661a3994f9eb6a158c8fb0274f68b5cf4ed5Secunia Security Advisory - Debian has issued an update for python-crypto. This fixes a weakness, which can be exploited by malicious people to conduct brute force attacks.
1da34bccbc972e9e82edbd3e546f7e6ed908bd526a4ef4849070525b4e3c5e6aGentoo Linux Security Advisory 201206-23 - PyCrypto generates weak ElGamal keys. Versions less than 2.6 are affected.
14546806126e183ad80b1ab1d5a94616b305357e865f36bf6b75eb0ea38f9a96Debian Linux Security Advisory 2502-1 - It was discovered that that the ElGamal code in PythonCrypto, a collection of cryptographic algorithms and protocols for Python used insecure insufficient prime numbers in key generation, which lead to a weakened signature or public key space, allowing easier brute force attacks on such keys.
6d4508421551948092f3a47c494a7261e2fff7ccbfc0297c1626d54727c95efaMandriva Linux Security Advisory 2012-092 - Multiple vulnerabilities has been discovered and corrected in postgresql. Fix incorrect password transformation in contrib/pgcrypto's DES crypt() function (Solar Designer). If a password string contained the byte value 0x80, the remainder of the password was ignored, causing the password to be much weaker than it appeared. With this fix, the rest of the string is properly included in the DES hash. Any stored password values that are affected by this bug will thus no longer match, so the stored values may need to be updated. Ignore SECURITY DEFINER and SET attributes for a procedural language's call handler (Tom Lane). Applying such attributes to a call handler could crash the server. This advisory provides the latest versions of PostgreSQL that is not vulnerable to these issues.
1edfeb5c298d59aca21fc94dd3d94074bf90df118aaad1545a26a577513db22cOpenSSL is a robust, fully featured Open Source toolkit implementing the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL v2/v3) and Transport Layer Security (TLS v1) protocols with full-strength cryptography world-wide.
2a9eb3cd4e8b114eb9179c0d3884d61658e7d8e8bf4984798a5f5bd48e325ebemod_auth_pubtkt is a simple Web single sign-on (SSO) solution for Apache. It validates authentication tickets provided by the client in a cookie using public-key cryptography (DSA or RSA). Thus, only the login server that generates the tickets needs to possess the private key, while Web servers can verify tickets given only the public key. The implementation of the login server is left to the user, but an example and a library in PHP are provided with the distribution.
8ff3de9c5acc026c6fd74fd8e599c0c2659cd29c51693dbf67a8bf8c609be94eRed Hat Security Advisory 2012-0699-01 - OpenSSL is a toolkit that implements the Secure Sockets Layer and Transport Layer Security protocols, as well as a full-strength, general purpose cryptography library. An integer underflow flaw, leading to a buffer over-read, was found in the way OpenSSL handled DTLS application data record lengths when using a block cipher in CBC mode. A malicious DTLS client or server could use this flaw to crash its DTLS connection peer.
c06ac1424785317703c7aa22ceb6c44b036fc510567d485d7bf8e44c5ffb7b08Ubuntu Security Notice 1451-1 - Ivan Nestlerode discovered that the Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS) and PKCS #7 implementations in OpenSSL returned early if RSA decryption failed. This could allow an attacker to expose sensitive information via a Million Message Attack (MMA). It was discovered that an integer underflow was possible when using TLS 1.1, TLS 1.2, or DTLS with CBC encryption. This could allow a remote attacker to cause a denial of service. Various other issues were also addressed.
c2d728621ad0692803f2775f1741405360b7d473c41ea474fa8427075d3d957aSecunia Security Advisory - A weakness has been reported in PyCrypto, which can be exploited by malicious people to conduct brute force attacks.
5f2d792f0678900743f9df4aa9e9530a0e4003f8e23b1989f7e10265d0d39e33
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