The Microsoft Windows kernel suffers from multiple security issues in the key replication feature of registry virtualization.
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The Microsoft Windows kernel suffers from a stack memory disclosure vulnerability in win32k!NtGdiGetTextMetricsW.
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The Microsoft Windows kernel suffers from a stack memory disclosure vulnerability in win32k!NtGdiGetOutlineTextMetricsInternalW.
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The Microsoft Windows kernel suffers from a stack memory disclosure vulnerability in win32k!NtGdiExtGetObjectW.
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The Microsoft Windows kernel suffers from a stack memory disclosure vulnerability in exception handling (nt!KiDispatchException).
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The Microsoft Windows kernel pool suffers from a memory disclosure vulnerability in nt!NtNotifyChangeDirectoryFile.
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The Microsoft Windows kernel pool suffers from a memory disclosure in nt!NtQueryVolumeInformationFile (FileFsVolumeInformation).
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The Microsoft Windows kernel suffers from a partmgr pool memory disclosure vulnerability in the handling of IOCTL_DISK_GET_DRIVE_LAYOUT_EX.
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The Microsoft Windows kernel suffers from a partmgr pool memory disclosure vulnerability in the handling of IOCTL_DISK_GET_DRIVE_GEOMETRY_EX.
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The Microsoft Windows kernel suffers from a volmgr pool memory disclosure vulnerability in the handling of IOCTL_VOLUME_GET_VOLUME_DISK_EXTENTS.
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The IOCTL sent to the \Device\KsecDD device by the BCryptOpenAlgorithmProvider documented API returns some uninitialized pool memory in the output buffer of the Microsoft Windows kernel.
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The Microsoft Windows kernel pool suffers from a memory disclosure due to output structure alignment in win32k!NtGdiGetOutlineTextMetricsInternalW.
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On April 14, 2017, the Shadow Brokers Group released the FUZZBUNCH framework, an exploitation toolkit for Microsoft Windows. The toolkit was allegedly written by the Equation Group, a highly sophisticated threat actor suspected of being tied to the United States National Security Agency (NSA). The framework included ETERNALBLUE, a remote kernel exploit originally targeting the Server Message Block (SMB) service on Microsoft Windows XP (Server 2003) and Microsoft Windows 7 (Server 2008 R2). In this paper, the RiskSense Cyber Security Research team analyzes how using wrong-sized CPU registers leads to a seemingly innocuous mathematical miscalculation. This causes a chain reaction domino effect ultimately culminating in code execution, making ETERNALBLUE one of the most complex exploits ever written. They will discuss what was necessary to port the exploit to Microsoft Windows 10, and future mitigations Microsoft has already deployed, which can prevent vulnerabilities of this class from being exploited in the future. The FUZZBUNCH version of the exploit contains an Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) bypass, and the Microsoft Windows 10 version required an additional Data Execution Prevention (DEP) bypass not needed in the original exploit.
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Two related bugs have been discovered in the Microsoft Windows kernel code responsible for implementing the bind() socket function, specifically in the afd!AfdBind and tcpip!TcpBindEndpoint routines. They both can lead to reading beyond the allocated pool-based buffer memory area, potentially allowing user-mode applications to disclose kernel-mode secrets. They can also be exploited to trigger a blue screen of death and therefore a denial of service condition.
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The Microsoft Windows kernel suffers from a stack memory disclosure vulnerability in win32kfull!SfnINLPUAHDRAWMENUITEM.
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The Microsoft Windows kernel suffers from hive loading crashes in nt!nt!HvpGetBinMemAlloc and nt!ExpFindAndRemoveTagBigPages.
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The Microsoft Windows kernel suffers from a denial of service vulnerability as outlined in MS16-135.
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The Microsoft Windows kernel suffers from an NtUserScrollDC memory corruption vulnerability.
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The Microsoft Windows kernel suffers from a use-after-free vulnerability with device contexts and NtGdiSelectBitmap.
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The Microsoft Windows kernel suffers from a use-after-free vulnerability in BGetRealizedBrush.
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The Microsoft Windows kernel suffers from a FlashWindowEx related memory corruption vulnerability.
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The Microsoft Windows kernel suffers from a use-after-free vulnerability related to DeferWindowPos.
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The Microsoft Windows kernel suffers from a use-after-free vulnerability in printer device contexts.
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The Microsoft Windows kernel suffers from a use-after-free vulnerability in the cursor object.
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The Microsoft Windows kernel suffers from a pool buffer overflow in NtGdiStretchBlt.
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The Microsoft Windows kernel suffers from a buffer overflow vulnerability in Win32k!vSolidFillRect.
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