VSCode when opening a Jupyter notebook (.ipynb) file bypasses the trust model. On versions v1.4.0 through v1.71.1, its possible for the Jupyter notebook to embed HTML and javascript, which can then open new terminal windows within VSCode. Each of these new windows can then execute arbitrary code at startup. During testing, the first open of the Jupyter notebook resulted in pop-ups displaying errors of unable to find the payload exe file. The second attempt at opening the Jupyter notebook would result in successful execution. Successfully tested against VSCode 1.70.2 on Windows 10.
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NorthStar C2, prior to commit 7674a44 on March 11 2024, contains a vulnerability where the logs page is vulnerable to a stored cross site scripting issue. An unauthenticated user can simulate an agent registration to cause the cross site scripting attack and take over a users session. With this access, it is then possible to run a new payload on all of the NorthStar C2 compromised hosts (agents), and kill the original agent. Successfully tested against NorthStar C2 commit e7fdce148b6a81516e8aa5e5e037acd082611f73 running on Ubuntu 22.04. The agent was running on Windows 10 19045.
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CHAOS version 5.0.8 is a free and open-source Remote Administration Tool that allows generated binaries to control remote operating systems. The web application contains a remote command execution vulnerability which can be triggered by an authenticated user when generating a new executable. The web application also contains a cross site scripting vulnerability within the view of a returned command being executed on an agent.
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GitKraken GitLens versions prior to 14.0.0 allow an untrusted workspace to execute git commands. A repo may include its own .git folder including a malicious config file to execute arbitrary code. Tested against VSCode 1.87.2 with GitLens 13.6.0 on Ubuntu 22.04 and Windows 10.
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This Metasploit module creates a vsix file which can be installed in Visual Studio Code as an extension. At activation/install, the extension will execute a shell or two. Tested against VSCode 1.87.2 on Ubuntu 22.04.
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runc versions 1.1.11 and below, as used by containerization technologies such as Docker engine and Kubernetes, are vulnerable to an arbitrary file write vulnerability. Due to a file descriptor leak it is possible to mount the host file system with the permissions of runc (typically root). Successfully tested on Ubuntu 22.04 with runc 1.1.7-0ubuntu1~22.04.1 using Docker build.
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This Metasploit exploit module uses saltstack salt to deploy a payload and run it on all targets which have been selected (default all). Currently only works against nix targets.
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This exploit module creates an ansible module for deployment to nodes in the network. It creates a new yaml playbook which copies our payload, chmods it, then runs it on all targets which have been selected (default all).
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This Metasploit module exploits a remote code execution vulnerability in Splunk Enterprise. The affected versions include 9.0.x before 9.0.7 and 9.1.x before 9.1.2. The exploitation process leverages a weakness in the XSLT transformation functionality of Splunk. Successful exploitation requires valid credentials, typically admin:changeme by default. The exploit involves uploading a malicious XSLT file to the target system. This file, when processed by the vulnerable Splunk server, leads to the execution of arbitrary code. The module then utilizes the runshellscript capability in Splunk to execute the payload, which can be tailored to establish a reverse shell. This provides the attacker with remote control over the compromised Splunk instance. The module is designed to work seamlessly, ensuring successful exploitation under the right conditions.
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This Metasploit exploit module takes advantage of a Docker image which has either the privileged flag, or SYS_ADMIN Linux capability. If the host kernel is vulnerable, its possible to escape the Docker image and achieve root on the host operating system. A vulnerability was found in the Linux kernel's cgroup_release_agent_write in the kernel/cgroup/cgroup-v1.c function. This flaw, under certain circumstances, allows the use of the cgroups v1 release_agent feature to escalate privileges and bypass the namespace isolation unexpectedly.
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VMWare Aria Operations for Networks (vRealize Network Insight) versions 6.0.0 through 6.10.0 do not randomize the SSH keys on virtual machine initialization. Since the key is easily retrievable, an attacker can use it to gain unauthorized remote access as the "support" (root) user.
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Apache Superset versions 2.0.0 and below utilize Flask with a known default secret key which is used to sign HTTP cookies. These cookies can therefore be forged. If a user is able to login to the site, they can decode the cookie, set their user_id to that of an administrator, and re-sign the cookie. This valid cookie can then be used to login as the targeted user. From there the Superset database is mounted, and credentials are pulled. A dashboard is then created. Lastly a pickled python payload can be set for that dashboard within Superset's database which will trigger the remote code execution. An attempt to clean up ALL of the dashboard key values and reset them to their previous values happens during the cleanup phase.
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Kibana versions prior to 7.6.3 suffer from a prototype pollution bug within the Upgrade Assistant. By setting a new constructor.prototype.sourceURL value you can execute arbitrary code. Code execution is possible through two different ways. Either by sending data directly to Elastic, or using Kibana to submit the same queries. Either method enters the polluted prototype for Kibana to read. Kibana will either need to be restarted, or collection happens (unknown time) for the payload to execute. Once it does, cleanup must delete the .kibana_1 index for Kibana to restart successfully. Once a callback does occur, cleanup will happen allowing Kibana to be successfully restarted on next attempt.
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Kibana versions before 5.6.15 and 6.6.1 contain an arbitrary code execution flaw in the Timelion visualizer. An attacker with access to the Timelion application could send a request that will attempt to execute javascript code. This leads to an arbitrary command execution with permissions of the Kibana process on the host system. Exploitation will require a service or system reboot to restore normal operation. The WFSDELAY parameter is crucial for this exploit. Setting it too high will cause MANY shells (50-100+), while setting it too low will cause no shells to be obtained. WFSDELAY of 10 for a docker image caused 6 shells.
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The DBCPConnectionPool and HikariCPConnectionPool Controller Services in Apache NiFi 0.0.2 through 1.21.0 allow an authenticated and authorized user to configure a Database URL with the H2 driver that enables custom code execution. This exploit will result in several shells (5-7). Successfully tested against Apache nifi 1.17.0 through 1.21.0.
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The H2 database contains an alias function which allows for arbitrary Java code to be used. This functionality can be abused to create an exec functionality to pull our payload down and execute it. H2's web interface contains restricts MANY characters, so injecting a payload directly is not favorable. A valid database connection is required. If the database engine was configured to allow creation of databases, the module default can be used which utilizes an in memory database. Some Docker instances of H2 don't allow writing to folders such as /tmp, so we default to writing to the working directory of the software. This Metasploit module was tested against H2 version 2.1.214, 2.0.204, 1.4.199 (version detection fails).
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Metabase versions before 0.46.6.1 contain a flaw where the secret setup-token is accessible even after the setup process has been completed. With this token a user is able to submit the setup functionality to create a new database. When creating a new database, an H2 database string is created with a TRIGGER that allows for code execution. We use a sample database for our connection string to prevent corrupting real databases. Successfully tested against Metabase 0.46.6.
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VMWare Aria Operations for Networks (vRealize Network Insight) is vulnerable to command injection when accepting user input through the Apache Thrift RPC interface. This vulnerability allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system as the root user. The RPC interface is protected by a reverse proxy which can be bypassed. VMware has evaluated the severity of this issue to be in the Critical severity range with a maximum CVSSv3 base score of 9.8. A malicious actor can get remote code execution in the context of root on the appliance. VMWare 6.x version are vulnerable. This Metasploit module exploits the vulnerability to upload and execute payloads gaining root privileges. Successfully tested against version 6.8.0.
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RocketMQ versions 5.1.0 and below are vulnerable to arbitrary code injection. Broker component of RocketMQ is leaked on the extranet and lack permission verification. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by using the update configuration function to execute commands as the system users that RocketMQ is running as. Additionally, an attacker can achieve the same effect by forging the RocketMQ protocol content.
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This exploit takes advantage of a vulnerability in sudoedit, part of the sudo package. The sudoedit (aka sudo -e) feature mishandles extra arguments passed in the user-provided environment variables (SUDO_EDITOR, VISUAL, and EDITOR), allowing a local attacker to append arbitrary entries to the list of files to process. This can lead to privilege escalation. by appending extra entries on /etc/sudoers allowing for execution of an arbitrary payload with root privileges. Affected versions are 1.8.0 through 1.9.12.p1. However, this module only works against Ubuntu 22.04 and 22.10. This module was tested against sudo 1.9.9-1ubuntu2 on Ubuntu 22.04 and 1.9.11p3-1ubuntu1 on Ubuntu 22.10.
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This Metasploit module exploits a vulnerability in RedHat based systems where improper file permissions are applied to /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/tomcat.conf for Apache Tomcat versions before 7.0.54-8. The configuration files in tmpfiles.d are used by systemd-tmpfiles to manage temporary files including their creation. With this weak permission, you are able to inject commands into the systemd-tmpfiles service to write a cron job to execute a payload. systemd-tmpfiles is executed by default on boot on RedHat-based systems through systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service. Depending on the system in use, the execution of systemd-tmpfiles could also be triggered by other services, cronjobs, startup scripts etc. This module was tested against Tomcat 7.0.54-3 on Fedora 21.
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This Metasploit module targets a vulnerability in Tomcat versions 6, 7, and 8 on Debian-based distributions where these older versions provide a vulnerable tomcat init script that allows local attackers who have already gained access to the tomcat account to escalate their privileges from the tomcat user to root and fully compromise the target system.
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This Metasploit module exploits a bug in io_uring leading to an additional put_cred() that can be exploited to hijack credentials of other processes. This exploit will spawn SUID programs to get the freed cred object reallocated by a privileged process and abuse them to create a SUID root binary that will pop a shell. The dangling cred pointer will, however, lead to a kernel panic as soon as the task terminates and its credentials are destroyed. We therefore detach from the controlling terminal, block all signals and rest in silence until the system shuts down and we get killed hard, just to cry in vain, seeing the kernel collapse. The bug affected kernels from v5.12-rc3 to v5.14-rc7. More than 1 CPU is required for exploitation. Successfully tested against Ubuntu 22.04.01 with kernel 5.13.12-051312-generic.
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If the vmwgfx driver fails to copy the fence_rep object to userland, it tries to recover by deallocating the (already populated) file descriptor. This is wrong, as the fd gets released via put_unused_fd() which shouldn't be used, as the fd table slot was already populated via the previous call to fd_install(). This leaves userland with a valid fd table entry pointing to a freed file object. The authors use this bug to overwrite a SUID binary with their payload and gain root. Linux kernel versions 4.14-rc1 - 5.17-rc1 are vulnerable. Successfully tested against Ubuntu 22.04.01 with kernel 5.13.12-051312-generic.
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This Metasploit module exploits a privilege escalation in vSphere/vCenter due to improper permissions on the /usr/lib/vmware-vmon/java-wrapper-vmon file. It is possible for anyone in the cis group to write to the file, which will execute as root on vmware-vmon service restart or host reboot. This module was successfully tested against VMware VirtualCenter 6.5.0 build-7070488. Vulnerable versions should include vCenter 7.0 before U2c, vCenter 6.7 before U3o, and vCenter 6.5 before U3q.
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